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How to build and host (for free!) an API that shares data from a JSON file using RAW

In this example, we are going to build an API that reads data from a JSON file. This data will then be hosted as a REST API. For this, we are going to be using RAW, a platform to quickly build and host APIs. To follow along, you will need an account, which you can create and use for free here if you don't have one already.

Let's get started!

info

If you are familiar with RAW and want to deploy this endpoint on your account, click below:

API over JSON file
Search medical information on patients, optionally filtering by country, age or diagnosis information.

Sample usage:

/api/json[?country=<string>&minYear=<int>&maxYear=<int>&code=<string>]

The following URL returns the patients born between 1990 and 1995 that were diagnosed with L53.3.

/api/json?minYear=1990&maxYear=1995&code=L53.3

Create a blank API endpoint in RAW​

First, we should create a free account:


Once you login to RAW, you should head up to the 'Workspace' section as shown below.

Choose the workspace

Then, click on 'Add +' to create a new endpoint and choose a new 'Blank Endpoint' as shown below. You could also choose an existing template, but for this example, let's start blank and write the code ourselves.

Create blank endpoint

Write the endpoint code​

Now that you have a blank endpoint, let's start writing some code. Before we start, here's an overview of the RAW Workspace.

Overview of the workspace

Now let's follow in steps:

Step 1: Write the code​

In RAW, endpoints are written in Snapi, a simple-to-use programming language specifically created specifically for building APIs. You will see this is very simple to create.

Let's copy/paste the following code for our endpoint (see figure, as step '1'):

main(country: string = null, minYear: int = null, maxYear: int = null, code: string = null) =
  let
    patients = Json.InferAndRead(
      "https://raw-tutorial.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/patients.json")
  in
    Collection.Filter(
      patients,
      p -> (Nullable.IsNull(country) or p.country == country)
        and (Nullable.IsNull(minYear) or p.year_of_birth >= minYear)
        and (Nullable.IsNull(maxYear) or p.year_of_birth <= maxYear)
        and (Nullable.IsNull(code) or
        Collection.Count(Collection.Filter(p.diagnosis, (d) -> d.code == code)) > 0))

// The following test will run if you press the play button.
main(minYear = 1990, maxYear = 1995, code = "L53.3")

Don't worry if you don't follow all the code just yet. This will be explained in detail below.

Step 2: Test the code​

Next, let's test the code. Click on the play button (shown in the figure as step '2') and you will have a live preview of the result of calling the last line of the code.

Step 3: Choose the final URL​

You can choose the exact path where your API will be hosted. This is shown in the figure as step '3'.

Step 4: Edit the metadata​

Optionally, you can edit the metadata metadata (shown in the figure as step '4'). The metadata is important since RAW includes a built-in API Catalog that helps you and your users find API endpoints later.

Step 5: Deploy the endpoint live!​

We are almost done. Now click to deploy your endpoint (shown in the figure as step '5').

Congratulations, your API is now published! It will be served right away and visible in the API Catalog as well.

How does the code work?​

Let's look closer at how the Snapi code works!

main(country: string = null, minYear: int = null, maxYear: int = null, code: string = null) =
  let
    patients = Json.InferAndRead(
      "https://raw-tutorial.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/patients.json")
  in
    Collection.Filter(
      patients,
      p -> (Nullable.IsNull(country) or p.country == country)
        and (Nullable.IsNull(minYear) or p.year_of_birth >= minYear)
        and (Nullable.IsNull(maxYear) or p.year_of_birth <= maxYear)
        and (Nullable.IsNull(code) or
        Collection.Count(Collection.Filter(p.diagnosis, (d) -> d.code == code)) > 0))

// The following test will run if you press the play button.
main(minYear = 1990, maxYear = 1995, code = "L53.3")
  • Line 1 defines the main method. Its arguments will become query parameters in the URL call. These arguments all have default values (null to be precise), which means they are optional arguments. The value null (i.e. not defined) will be handled later during the filtering operation.
  • Lines 3-4 defines the file that contains the data. It is a JSON file.
  • Line 6 applies a filter. This will filter the JSON file so that we are left only with the rows whose values match the arguments (if defined).
  • The filter condition is defined in Lines 8-12. The pattern Nullable.IsNull(country) or a.Country == country) is used to apply the filter on countries only if the country value was defined by the user. The Nullable.IsNull(country) will return true if the value is null. Otherwise, if the value is not null it means the user passed a country argument to filter on; in that case we check that a.Country == country. The Collection.Count(Collection.Filter(...)) > 0 filters for patients with at least one diagnosis in an inner list of the JSON.
  • Line 15 defines the test to run when the play button is pressed.

Let's improve this API!​

Now that you understand the basic concepts, there's many improvements that can be done. Below is a list of pointers:

What's next!​

Take a look at other examples, or join us in our Community to learn more!

Ready to try it out?

Register for free and start building today!

Otherwise, if you have questions/comments, join us in our Community!